Among all tropical legumes used in agriculture, sesbania stands out for its extraordinary nitrogen-fixation capacity. Under optimal conditions, sesbania can fix 200+ kg of nitrogen per hectare in a single growing season — rivaling the nitrogen output of many commercial fertilizer applications at a fraction of the cost.
The nitrogen fixation in sesbania occurs through symbiotic association with Azorhizobium caulinodans (for stem nodules) and various Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium species (for root nodules). This dual nodulation system is rare among legumes and gives sesbania a significant advantage in waterlogged environments.
For farmers seeking to reduce dependence on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, sesbania offers an ecologically sound and economically viable alternative. At current urea prices, the nitrogen fixed by one hectare of sesbania represents a saving of USD 80-200 in fertilizer costs alone, plus the additional benefits of improved soil health.
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